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中英字幕Principles For Success. 奏效的原则 An ultra mini-series adventure in 30 minutes, and in eight episodes. 打算30分钟的八集超迷你东说念主生历险短片 Episode one, The Call to Adventure. 第一集，《征途的召唤》 Before we begin, let me just establish the fact that I don't know much relative to what I need to know. Whatever success I've had in life has had more to do with my knowing how to deal with my not knowing than anything I know. That I should be telling other people what to do sounds kind of presumptuous to me, but I'm going to do it, because I believe that the principles that have made me successful could help others achieve their own goals. 在咱们开动之前，先讲明一个事实：比较我需要知说念的东西，我的所知有限。我东说念主生中取得的任何奏效，不是因为我的学问有几许，而是我知说念该怎么草率我的无知。我来带领别东说念主怎么奏效，对我来说，难免有点冒昧。但我如故要带领，因为我认为，让我奏效的原则也能匡助别东说念主竣事他们的计算。 I'm now at a stage in my own life in which it is much more important to me to pass along what I've learned about how to be successful than to seek more success for myself. What you choose to do withthese principles is up to you. You have to be an independent thinker, because only you can develop your own principles based on your own values. This brings me to my first and most fundamental principle, which is that you need to think for yourself about what is true. 在我刻下的东说念主生阶段，对我来说，把我所学到的奏效之说念传授出去，比为寻求自我的更多奏效要贫瘠得多。而在知道这些原则后你怎么行动，取决于你我方。你务必寥寂想考，因为唯独你身手依据你我方的价值不雅渐渐造成你我方的原则。因此我建议第一条亦然最基本的原则，那等于：你需要寥寂想考施行是什么。 So let's get started. Early on, I discovered I needed principles. Principles are smart ways for handling things that happen over and over again in similar situations. There are principles for everything, from skiing to parenting to cooking, and so on. I'm going to share some of my most important, overarching, life principles that influence how we approach everything that we do. I didn't start out with principles. I acquired them over a lifetime of experiences. 那么开动吧。我很早就发现我需要原则。原则等于处理在类似情境下反复发生的事情的灵敏。基本总计事情皆有原则可循，从滑雪到育儿到烹调，等等。我将与人人共享我最贫瘠的全局性的东说念主生原则，这些原则大要影响咱们作念各式事情的模式。我不是初出茅屋就懂这些原则，我是在历经沧桑后收货了它们。 Mostly, from making mistakes and reflecting on them. My life principles are simple, but they're not complete. I still struggle to make the best decisions, and I still make mistakes and learn new principles all the time. This is the reality. At the beginning, I needed to escape the conventions that surrounded me, which meant that I needed to think for myself. Unless you want to have a life that is directed by others, you need to decide for yourself what to do, and you need to have the courage to do it. 无边原则是从犯错和反想中赢得。我的东说念主生原则皆很简明，并不大醇小疵。我仍然在勤苦作念最好的决定，我仍然在握住地犯错，也在握住地学习新的原则，这是事实。一开动，我需要解脱围绕在身边的一些沿袭成习的惯例，这意味着我需要寥寂想考，除非你想让你的东说念主生被他东说念主独揽，不然你需要我方决定你该作念什么，而且你需要有行动的勇气。 But I didn't know that at first. I only learned that from going on my adventure. Looking back on my own journey, I now see that time is like a river that carries us forward into encounters with reality that require us to make decisions. We can't stop our movement down this river, and we can't avoid the encounters. We can only approach them in the best possible way. In your lifetime, you will face millions of decisions. The quality of your decisions will determine the quality of your life. Over the course of my lifetime, the most valuable things I've learned were the results of mistakes I reflected on to help form principles so I wouldn't make the same mistakes again. 但我发轫并莫得融会出这些道理，我是在我我方的探险征途中学到的，回来我的东说念主生旅程，我目前能看到时候就像一条河流，带着咱们前进，遇到施行的磨练，推着咱们作念出决定，咱们无法停驻前进的方法，咱们也无法逃匿施行，咱们只可尽可能寻找最好阶梯。在一世中，你将濒临无数决定，你作念出的决定的利害就将影响你东说念主生的利害。纵不雅我的一世，我学到的最有价值的东西是反想失实，以匡助我造成我的原则，这样我就不会再犯不异的失实。 These principles took me from being a very ordinary middle class kid from Long Island to becoming very successful as judged by conventional measures. They also gave me the meaningful work and meaningful relationships that I value even more than these conventional successes. People often ask me how I did it. I can assure you it wasn't because of my uniqueness as a person. It was the result of a unique approach to life I believe almost anybody can adopt. It starts with embracing reality and dealing with it. 这些原则让我这个来自长岛相配普通的中产阶层家庭的小孩，变成了一个在惯例尺度看来，相配奏效的东说念主。这些原则也使我赢得了贫瘠的职责和贫瘠的东说念主际干系，这些对我来说比传统说念理上的奏效更贫瘠。东说念主们往往问我，我是怎么作念到的，我向你保证这并不是因为我有何等极度，这其实是一种独到的生活原则的效果，我信赖简直任何东说念主皆不错采用这个原则，这肇端于拥抱施行和草率施行原则。 The path you take in life is your most important decision. In my case, I wanted my life to be great, and I feared boredom and mediocrity more than I feared failure. Since I didn't start out with money, and I didn't need much more than a bed to sleep in and food to eat, I could skew my decisions to pursue my adventures. So ever since I was a kid, I ran after the things I wanted, crashed, got up and ran again, and crashed again, and each time I crashed, I learned something, got better, and crashed less. By doing that over and over again, I learned to love this process, even the crashing part of it. Through it, I encountered reality, and I learned how to deal with it, which inspired another one of my most fundamental principles which is that truth is the essential foundation for producing good outcomes. 走什么样的东说念主生说念路是你最贫瘠的决定。就我而言，我但愿我的东说念主生是充实的，我挂念没趣和庸碌多过挂念失败。由于我一开动债台高筑，不外好在除了有床可睡，有饭可吃以外，我也无更多需求，是以我不错篡改我的决定去追求我的探险之旅。从我如故个小孩子的时候，我就会追着我想要的东西跑，跌倒了，爬起来再跑，再跌倒，每次跌倒，我皆能学到一些东西，变得更好，跌倒的次数也更少，通过一次又一次地肖似，我学会了怜爱这个探险之旅，致使是其中的跌倒履历。在这个历程中，我厚实到了施行，也学会了怎么草率施行，并由此激励了我又一条最基础的原则，即解任真谛是产生好扫尾必不可少的基础。 By truth, I don't mean anything more than the way the world works. I believe that we were given the laws of reality by nature. Humans didn't create them, but we can use them to foster our own evolution and achieve our goals. Realizing that made me a hyper-realist, by which I mean I became someone who has discovered the great rewards of deeply understanding, accepting, and working with reality as it is, and not as I wish it would be. When I say I'm a hyper-realist, people sometimes think I'm saying that dreams can't come true. That's absolutely not true. Without pursuing dreams, life is mundane. What I mean is that, to me, hyper-realism is the best way to choose one's dreams and then achieve them. 我所说的真谛，仅仅指这个天下的运行限定，我信赖施行的限定是固有的存在，东说念主类并莫得创造限定，但咱们不错运用限定来促进咱们自身的成长并竣事咱们的计算，执意到这少许使我成为一个超施行目的者。我变得大要深入地融会、秉承以及面对施行的本貌，而不是按照我方的但愿加以曲解，因而我从中受益匪浅。每当我说我是一个超施行目的者时，东说念主们随契机以为我是个不信赖空想的东说念主，事实并非如斯，淌若不追求空想，东说念主生就会变得庸碌。我的说念理是，对我来说，超施行目的是聘用我方的空想，然后以最好模式竣道空想。 Having big dreams, plus embracing reality, plus having lots of determination will bring you a successful life. I believe this formula is true for everyone. But what does a successful life look like? We each have to decide for ourselves what success is. I don't care whether you want to be a master of the universe or to live under a palm tree, or anything else. I really don't. 领有高大的空想，再加上拥抱施行，加上有很大的决心，就会给你带来奏效的东说念主生。我信赖这个公式对每个东说念主皆适用，但奏效的东说念主生是什么模式的呢？咱们每个东说念主皆必须自行决定什么是奏效，我不在乎你是想成为煽风燃烧的天地专揽，如故想安逸过活、躺平摆烂，或者其他什么，我无所谓。 Each of us chooses goals based on our values and decides on the best path to achieve them. But we all need approaches to making decisions that work well, especially when facing problems, mistakes, and weaknesses that stand in our way. To succeed, we must embrace all our realities, especially the harsh realities that we wish weren't true. 咱们每个东说念主皆要基于我方的价值不雅聘用计算，并决定竣事这些计算的最好路子。但咱们皆需要一些方法来匡助咱们作念出合适的决策，尤其是在面对龙套咱们的问题、失实和时弊时。为了奏效，咱们必须拥抱总计的施行，荒芜是那些咱们不肯面对的的猖獗施行。 At first, looking at these harsh realities caused me a lot of pain. But I learned that this pain was just psychological, and that my seeing things differently made all the difference. I came to view problems like puzzles that would reward me if I could solve them. They would help me deal with the problem at hand, and they would give me principles for dealing with similar problems in the future. I learned to treat pain as a cue that a great learning opportunity is at hand, which led me to realize that pain plus reflection equals progress. Meditation has been invaluable in helping me see things that way. 发轫，面对这些猖獗的施行给我带来了相配大的可怜。但我了解到，这种可怜仅仅心情上的，我对事物的看法不同会使一切皆变得不一样。我开动把困丢丑作是谜题，淌若我大要治理它们，就会得到奖励，这样的作念法匡助我处理手头的问题，也熏陶我异日处理类似问题的原则，我学会了把可怜手脚印迹，手脚咫尺一个很棒的学习契机，这进而使我厚实到，可怜加反想等于高出，在造成这种看待问题的模式的历程中，冥想起到了很大的作用。 I found that when I calmed myself down and embraced my realities, and dealt with them, the rewards brought me pleasure, and the pain faded. Each of us has the unique capability to think logically, to reflect on ourselves, and our circumstances, and to direct our own personal evolution. Doing this well is just a matter of following a simple five-step process. (warm music) 我发现，当我让我方幽静下来，拥抱施行，草率施行时，我就会感受到振作，可怜也随之隐藏。咱们每个东说念主皆有寥寂的逻辑想考，反想我方和我方的处境，并带领我方进化之路，要作念好这少许只需解任轻便的五步。 We've discussed how important it is to reflect carefully after experiencing pain. When I did this, I was usually able to discover principles that would prevent me from repeating the same mistakes in the future. And I could see that being successful simply consisted of five steps. 咱们照旧磋磨过在履历可怜后，崇拜反想是何等贫瘠。当我反想时，我日常大要发现一些原则，大要退缩我在异日肖似不异的失实，我发现想要奏效只需要五个要领。 Step one is to know your goals and run after them. What is best for you depends on your nature, so you need to really understand yourself and know what you want to achieve in life. 第一步是知道你的计算，然后勤苦追求。什么是最适合你的取决于你的天性，是以你需要真确知道我方，知说念你想在生活中竣事什么。 Step two is to encounter the problems that stand in the way of getting to your goals. These problems are typically painful. If handled badly, some of them can lead to your ruin. But to evolve, you need to identify those problems and not tolerate them. 第二步是，直面龙套你竣事计算的问题。这些问题日常会很辣手，淌若处理得不当，其中一些会湮灭你，然而要想高出，你需要认清这些问题，毫不罅隙放过。 Step three is to diagnose these problems to get at their root causes. Don't jump too quickly to solutions. Take a step back and reflect in order to really distinguish the symptoms from the disease. 第三步是，会诊这些问题，找到问题的根源。不要急于寻求治理决策，先退一步想考，以真确永诀症状和疾病自己。 Step four is to design a plan to eliminate the problems. This is where you will determine what you need to do to get around them. 第四步是，制定治理问题的决策。这时你需要细目你要怎么处理它们。 And step five is to execute those designs, pushing yourself to do what's needed to progress toward your goal. 而第五步是实践你的决策，鞭策我方作念需要作念的事情，向着计算迈进。 A successful life essentially consists of doing these five steps over and over again. This is your personal evolution, and you see this process everywhere. It's just a law of nature. Think of any product, any organization, or any person you know, and you will see that this is true for them. Evolution is simply a process of either adapting, or dying. 奏效的东说念主生，本色上等于反复地进行这五个要领，这是你个东说念主的进化，这一历程简直无处不在，这是当然限定，想一想任何产物、任何机构、或任何你厚实的东说念主，你会发现他们皆解任着这样的原则，进化其实等于一个要么适合、要么逝世的历程。 Conceptually, it looks just like the five-step process I've described. As you push through this often painful process, you'll naturally ascend to higher and higher levels of success. I found that when I did it better, my struggling never became easier, because the more capable I became, the greater the challenges I would take on. Because different people are strong and weak at different things, most people can't do all five steps well. 见解上来说，进化就像我刚刚讲的这五个要领。当你握住履历这一日常来说很可怜的历程，你会当然地取得越来越高的奏效。我发现，即使我作念得越来越好，我的履历也并莫得因此变得容易。因为我的才略越强，我将秉承的挑战就越困难。因为不同的东说念主擅长和不擅长的事情不同，是以大无边东说念主无法作念好总计五个要领。 Not facing this reality means you could stretch further than you should. And as the heights get greater, your falls could also be greater. (wind howling) Sometimes terrible things happen to all of us in life. They can ruin us, or they can profoundly improve us depending on how we handle them. Something like this happened to me in 1982. We progress forward until we encounter setbacks. Whether or not we get out of them and continue forward or spiral downward depends on whether or not we're willing to face the failure objectively, and make the right decisions to turn the loop upward again. 淌若不面对这个施行，意味着你可能要付出更多的勤苦，而跟着高度的增多，你每次跌倒也会越来越痛。生活中，咱们皆可能会遇上可怕的事情，它们不错湮灭咱们，也不错使咱们高出，这取决于咱们怎么草率。我在1982年就遇到过这样的事情，咱们在前进时会遇到弯曲，咱们是大要解脱它们，赓续前进，如故一败涂地，取决于咱们是否应允客不雅大地对失败，作念出正确的决定，竣事逆袭。 Something terrible happened to me in 1982, when I bet everything on a depression that never came. (crashing) (birds chirping) The period between 1979 and 1982 was one of extreme turbulence, for the global economy, the markets, and for me. And I believed that the US economy, with the world economy tied to it, was headed toward a catastrophe. This view was extremely controversial. I wanted the great upside, and very publicly took a big risk and was wrong, dead wrong. After a delay, the stock market began a big bull market that lasted 18 years, and the US economy enjoyed the greatest growth period in its history. 1982年在我身上发生了一件可怕的事情，那时我把一切皆押在一场最终莫得发生的大陌生上，1979年至1982年技艺是一段极点摇荡的时代，对全球经济、市集和我来说皆是如斯。我认为好意思国经济以及与之络续的天下经济，正在走向一场祸害。这一不雅点引起了极大的争议，我想要从中捞到克己，并冒了很大的风险，公开抒发我的看法。但我错了，大错特错，在履历一段松懈发展后，股市开动了捏续18年的大牛市，好意思国经济也迎来了，历史上最大的增历久。 This experience was like a blow to my head with a baseball bat. I had to cut my losses so that my company, Bridgewater, was left with one employee, me. (door slams) (paper shuffles) I was so broke, I had to borrow $4,000 from my dad to pay my bills. But even worse was having to let go the people I cared so much about. I wondered whether I should give up my dream of working for myself and play it safe by working for someone else in a job that would require me to put on a tie and commute everyday. Though I knew that for me, taking less risk would mean having a less great life. Being so wrong, and especially being so publicly wrong, was painfully humbling. I am still shocked and embarrassed by how arrogant I was in being totally confident in a totally incorrect view. 这一履历之于我仿若当头一棒，我不得不足时止损，于是我的公司桥水基金就只剩下我一个职工了。我那时透顶停业、囊中羞怯，不得不向我父亲借了4000好意思元来支付账单。但更恶运的是我不得不明雇那些我曾相配在乎的东说念主，我开动想考我是不是应该扬弃为我方职责的空想，转而打安全牌，给别东说念主打工，作念一份需要我打上领带、字画卯酉的职责。尽管我知说念，对我来说，少冒风险，就意味着东说念主生会失去好多气候。但在那时，公开地犯下如斯失实，令我可怜又羞臊。我于今仍为我方对一个全皆失实的不雅点盲目自信而深感畏缩且莫名。 Though I had been right much more than I had been wrong, I let one bad bet erase all my good ones. (dramatic orchestral music) I thought very hard about the relationship between risk and reward, and how to manage them. But I couldn't see a path forward that would give me the rewards I wanted without unacceptable risk. This kind of experience happens to everyone. It will happen to you. You will lose something, or someone you think you can't live without. Or you will suffer a terrible illness or injury, or your career will fall apart before your eyes. You might think that your life is ruined, and there's no way to go forward. But it will pass. I assure you that there is always a best path forward, and you probably just don't see it yet. 固然我正确的时候比错的时候多，但这一次失实就足以抹去了一切。我相配崇拜地想考了风险和报告之间的干系，以及怎么料理它们。但我看不到有哪一条路能给我带来我想要的报告，而又莫得难以秉承的风险。这种履历发生在每个东说念主身上，它也会发生在你身上，你会失去一些东西，或者失去你认为你无法离开的东说念主，或者你会遭受可怕的疾病或伤害，或者你会眼看着你的业绩活命土崩理会，你可能认为你的东说念主生被毁了，莫得办法赓续前进，但这些皆会已往的。我向你保证，总有一条最好的前进说念路，仅仅你可能还莫得发现。You just have to reflect well to find it. You have to embrace your reality. Sometimes things happen that are hard to understand. Life often feels so difficult and complicated, it's too much to take in all at once. My deep pain led me to reflect deeply on my circumstances. It also led me to reflect on nature, because it provides a guide for what's true. So I thought a lot about how things work, which helped to put me, and my own circumstances, in perspective. I saw that at the big bang, all the laws and forces of the universe were created and propelled forward, interacting with each other as a perpetual motion machine, in which all the bits and pieces coalesce into machines that work for a while, fall apart, and then coalesce into new machines. This goes on into eternity. I saw that everything is a machine. 你只须好好反想，拥抱施行，就能找到它，随契机有一些难以融会的事情发生，生活常常会令东说念主感到困难、复杂，很难一下子秉承，我潜入的可怜使我对我方的处境进行了深刻的反想，也指挥我反想了当然限定，因为当然限定大要指引咱们分辨什么是真谛。因此，我想考了好多对于事物怎么运作的事情，这有助于我更好地看清我我方和我的处境，我了解到在大爆炸时代，天地的总计限定和力量皆被创造出来，鞭策发展，像永动机一样相互作用，天地中的一切共同凝华成这个运转系统，运行一阵子，坍塌，然后再聚成新的运转系统，这会一直捏续到长久，我融会了万事万物不外一个系统。 The structure and evolution of galaxies, the formation of our own solar system, the make-up of earth's geography and ecosystems, our economies and markets, and each of us. We individually are machines, made up of different machines. Our circulatory system, our nervous system, that produce our thoughts, our dreams, our emotions, and all the other aspects of our distinct characters. All of these different machines evolve together through time to produce the realities we encounter every day. And I realized that I was just one tiny bit in one nanosecond, deciding what I should do. While that perspective might sound very philosophical, I found that it was very practical, because it showed me how I could deal with my own realities in a better way. 星河系的结构和演变，咱们方位的太阳系的造成，地球的地舆和生态系统的组成，咱们的经济和市集，以及咱们每个东说念主，咱们每个个体皆是系统，每个个体又由不同的系统组成。咱们的轮回系统，咱们的神经系统产生咱们的想想，咱们的空想，咱们的情态以及咱们独到性情的各个方面，总计这些不同的系统随时候渐渐演变共同产生了咱们每天的施行。我执意到我仅仅在一纳秒内的少许决定了我该作念什么，固然这种不雅点可能听起来很形而上学，但我发现它相配实用，因为它告诉我怎么更好地草率我的施行。 For example, I observed that most everything happens over and over again in slightly different ways. Some in obvious short-term cycles that are easy to recognize, so we know how to deal with them, like the 24-hour day. Some so infrequently that they haven't occurred in our lifetimes, and we're shocked when they do, like the once in a 100 year storm. And some we know exist, but are encountering for the first time, like the birth of our first child. Most people mistakenly treat these situations as being unique, and deal with them without having proper perspective or principles to help them get through them. I found that if instead of dealing with these events as one-offs, I could see each as just another one of those, and approach them in the same way a biologist might approach an animal. 举例，我不雅察到，大无边事情皆在握住地肖似发生，仅仅模式稍有不同，有些肖似的周期短，很容易识别，是以咱们知说念该怎么处理，比如一天24小时。但有些事是不常发生的，咱们一辈子皆没怎么遇上过，于是不常发生的事情发生时咱们就会不知所措，比如百年一遇的风暴，还有一些咱们知说念存在，但却是第一次遇到的事情，比如咱们第一个孩子的出身。大无边东说念主错把这些情况手脚念单一事件，是以在处理时，也莫得正确的看法和原则来匡助他们治理。我发现比较把这些事情手脚是寥寂的单一事件来处理，更好的作念法是看作类似情境的重现，并像生物学家对待动物一样来处理这些事情。 First, identifying its species, then drawing on principles for dealing with it appropriately. Because I could see these events transpire in pretty much the same ways over and over, I could more clearly see the cause-effect relationships that govern their behaviors, which allowed me to develop better principles that I could express in both words and algorithms. I learned that while most everyone expects the future to be a slightly modified version of the present, it is typically very different. That's because people are biased by recent history, and overlook events that haven't happened in a long time, perhaps not even in their lifetime. But they will happen again. With that perspective, I realized that what I missed when I mistakenly called for a great depression was hidden in the patterns of history, and I could use my newfound knowledge of these patterns to make better decisions in the future. 领先，细目其种类，然后找到相应的原则，以合适的方法处理。因为我不错看到这些事件以简直换取的模式反复发生，我不错更明晰地看到其中的因果干系，这使我大要制定更好的原则，并以翰墨和算法的模式呈现出来。我了解到，固然大无边东说念主皆盼愿异日是在目前的基础上稍加修改，但异日日常会有很大不同，这是因为东说念主们受短期历史的影响产生了偏见，而忽略了很久莫得发生，也许是在他们有限的东说念主生中皆不曾履历的事情，但莫得发生的事情如故会再次发生的。有了这种不雅点，我执意到在我失实地预计大陌生时所忽略的东西，就保密在历史的限定中。我不错运用我对这些限定的新发现，在异日作念出更好的决定。 And when I thought about my challenge, balancing risk and reward, I realized that risk and reward naturally go together. I could see that to get the most out of life, one has to take more risk, and that knowing how to appropriately balance risk and reward is essential to having the best life possible. Imagine you were faced with the choice of having a safe, boring life if you stay where you are, or having a fabulous one if you take the risk of successfully crossing a dangerous jungle. That is essentially the choice we all face. For me, the choice was clear, but that doesn't mean the path forward was without challenges. I still needed to face two big barriers that we all must face. (peaceful music) I can't tell you which path in life is best for you, because I don't know how important it is for you to achieve big goals relative to how important it is for you to avoid the pains required to get them. 而当我预见我的挑战，即均衡风险和报告时，我执意到风险和报告天生等于共存的。我知说念了，要想从生活中赢得最大利益，就必须承担更多的风险，而知说念怎么相宜地均衡风险和报告，是领有最好生活的枢纽。联想一下，你濒临着这样的聘用：淌若你呆在原地，就会领有安全但没趣的生活，或者淌若你探险奏效穿越危机的森林，你的生活会精彩得多。这基本上是咱们总计东说念主皆濒临的聘用，对我来说，聘用很澄莹，但这并不虞味着前进的说念路上就莫得混沌，我仍然需要面对两个咱们皆必须面对的严峻混沌。我无法告诉你哪条东说念主生说念路最适合你，因为我不知说念相对于幸免竣事计算所要承受的可怜，竣事计算这件事对你来说有何等贫瘠。 This is the courage I spoke of earlier, and we each have to feel these things out for ourselves. After my big mistake in calling for a depression, I had come to one of life's forks in the road, as we all do. If I made the choice to take a normal job and play it safe, I would have ended up with a very different life than the one I had. (door slams) (paper shuffles) But as long as I could pay the rent, put food on the table, and educate my kids, the only choice for me was to risk crossing the jungle in pursuit of the best life possible. My big mistake in betting on a depression gave me a healthy fear of being wrong.这等于我前边谈到的勇气，咱们每个东说念主皆必须我方量度和决策，在我犯下错估大陌生的失实之后，像总计东说念主一样，我来到了东说念主生的一个歧路口。淌若我聘用作念一份普通的职责，沉着过活，我可能会领有与目前截然有异的生活。然而，只须我大要支付房租，大要饱腹，大要送我的孩子上学，我就无法断念探险穿越森林，追求尽可能精彩的生活。我在押注大陌生上犯的大错，让我对失实有了一定的畏惧。 In other words, it gave me deep humility, which was exactly what I needed. At the same time, it didn't stop me from aggressively going after the things I wanted. To succeed, I needed to see more than I alone could see. (strikes match) (flame hisses) But standing in my way of doing that were the two biggest barriers everyone faces. Our ego and blind spot barriers. These barriers exist because of how our brains work. 换言之，失实使我变得谦善，这恰是我所需要的。同期，这并莫得不容我积极地去追求我想要的东西，要想奏效，我弗成局限于一相宁愿，但龙套着我的亦然每个东说念主皆面对的两大混沌：自我和盲点。咱们大脑的运作道理决定了这两个混沌的存在。 First, let's explore the ego barrier. When I refer to your ego barrier, I'm talking about the parts of your brain that prevent you from acknowledging your weaknesses objectively, so that you can figure out how to deal with them. Your deepest seated needs and fears reside in areas of your brain that control your emotions and are not accessible to your higher-level conscious awareness. And because our need to be right can be more important than our need to find out what's true, we like to believe our own opinions without properly stress-testing them. 领先，让咱们来推敲一下自我的混沌，我所说的自我混沌，是指你大脑中的某些区域龙套你客不雅地承认我方时弊，也就使你无法想出办法草率它们，你最深层的需乞降畏惧存在于你大脑扫尾情态的区域当中，而你更高头绪的执意是无法过问这区域的。由于咱们对自我正确的需求可能比找出施行是什么的需求更甚。是以咱们倾向于信赖我方的看法，而不合其进行相宜的压力测试。 We especially don't like to look at our mistakes and weaknesses. We are instinctively prone to react to explorations of them as though they're attacks. We get angry, even though it would be more logical for us to be open to feedback from others. This leads to our making inferior decisions, learning less, and falling short of our potentials. The second is the blind spot barrier. Everyone has blind spots. The blind spot barrier is when a person believes he or she can see everything. But it's a simple fact that no one alone can see a complete picture of reality. 咱们尤其不肯意面对咱们的失实和时弊，咱们本能地倾向于将对它们的探索看作是对咱们的挫折。咱们会不满，尽管更感性的作念法应该是对他东说念主的反映捏绽开作风。太自我会导致咱们作念出不得当的决定，更少地学习况兼无法推崇出全部后劲。第二个是盲点混沌，每个东说念主皆有盲点，盲点混沌是指一个东说念主自以为能察知一切，但事实是，莫得一个东说念主大要独随即看清施行的全貌。 Naturally, people can't appreciate what they can't see, just as we all have different ranges for singing, hearing pitch, and seeing colors, we have different ranges for seeing and understanding things. For example, while some people are better at seeing the big picture, others excel at seeing details. Some are linear thinkers, and others are more lateral. While some are creative but not reliable, others are reliable but not creative, and so on. Because of how are brains are wired differently, everyone perceives the world around them differently. 东说念主们当然不会融会他们看不到的东西，就像每个东说念主唱歌、听音、和识别颜料的范围皆不同。咱们每个东说念主大要看到和融会事物的范围也皆不同，举例有些东说念主更善于纵不雅全局，而有些东说念主则擅长捕捉细节，有的东说念主是线性想维，有的东说念主则更倾向于横向想维，有些东说念主有创意但不可靠，有些东说念主可靠但枯竭创意，如斯等等。由于大脑的结构不同，每个东说念主对周围天下的感知也不同。 By doing what comes naturally to us, we fail to account for our weaknesses and we crash. Either we keep doing that, or we change. Aristotle defined tragedy as a terrible outcome arising from a person's fatal flaw. A flaw, that had it been fixed, would have instead led to a wonderful outcome. In my opinion, these two barriers are the main impediments that get in the way of good decision-making. (noble orchestral music) Taking risks and occasionally being ruined wasn't acceptable and neither was not taking risks and not having exceptional results. 顺着我方天性上的颓势作念事，咱们就忽略了我方的不足，以致腐烂跌倒。咱们要么赓续顺从，要么作念出篡改。亚里士多德将悲催界说为一个东说念主的致命颓势所导致的可怕扫尾，一个淌若被开导便能促成好意思好结局的颓势。在我看来，这两个混沌是龙套绝佳决策的主要身分。承担风险，偶尔被重创，令东说念主难以秉承，而不承担风险，莫得任何效果也令东说念主难以秉承。 I needed an approach that would give me the exceptional upside without also giving me the exceptional downside. When I discovered it, it turned out to be my holy grail. To get it, I needed to replace the joy of being proven right with the joy of learning what's true. This need prompted me to seek out the most thoughtful people I could find who disagreed with me. I didn't care about their conclusions, I just wanted to see things through their eyes, and to have them see things through my eyes, so that together we could hash things out to discover what's true. 我需要一种方法，既能给我带来我但愿的克己，又不会令我摔得太过惨重。在我发现这个原则时，它便成为了我的“圣洁信仰”。为了融会出这个原则，我需要把被讲解正确的喜悦换成发现真谛的喜悦。这种需要促使我去寻找与我意见相左的东说念主中想考最精良的东说念主，我并不关注他们的论断，我只想通过他们的视角看问题，也让他们通过我的视角看问题，这样咱们就能一说念把事情弄明晰，发现究竟什么是真相。 In other words, what I wanted most from them was thoughtful disagreement. Going from seeing things through just my eyes, to seeing things through the eyes of these thoughtful people was like going from seeing things in black and white to seeing them in color. (birds chirping) The world lit up. (growling) (wings flapping) That's when I realized that the best way to go through the jungle of life is with insightful people who see things differently from me. 换言之，我最想从他们那里得到的是合理的分歧，从只通过我我方的眼睛看东西，到也通过这些灵敏的东说念主的眼睛看东西，就像从看口角的东西滚动为看彩色的东西，通盘天下皆被点亮了，这时我执意到，穿越东说念主生森林的最好模式，是与那些与我看法不同的有识之士同业。 Think about the five-step process I described earlier. As I said, because we are wired so differently, not everyone can do all the five steps well. But you don't have to do them all alone. You can get help from others who are good at what you're not, who are wired to perceive things you can't. All you need to do is let go of your attachment to having the right answers yourself, and use your fear of being wrong to become open-minded to these other views. In this way, you could point out the risks and opportunities that you would individually miss. 想想我前边所说的五个要领。正如我所说，由于咱们的想维模式不同，不是每个东说念主皆能很好地完成总计的五个要领。但你不一定要独自完成这些职责，你不错从其他东说念主那里得到匡助，那些擅长你不擅长的东西，有才略感知你弗成感知的东西的东说念主，你需要作念的等于放下你对我方领有正确谜底的执着，运用你对失实的畏惧，使我方对其他不同的不雅点捏绽开作风，这样你就大要发现你个东说念主会忽略的风险和契机。 I found that taking this radically open-minded approach and believability-weighting people's thinking significantly increased my probabilities of making the best decisions possible. This enabled me to ascend to greater heights and greater challenges. In the past, I would have always wanted to do what I, myself, thought was best. But now I sought out the strongest independent thinkers I could find. I still do. There is nothing better to be on a shared mission with extraordinary people who can be radically truthful and radically transparent with each other. 我发现，采用这种极致绽开的想维模式，对他东说念主的想法加以信任，大大增多了我作念出最好决定的概率，这将我栽种至更高的高度，理睬更大的挑战。在已往，我老是想作念我我方认为最好的事情，但目前我会寻找我能找到的最遒劲的寥寂想考者，我目前依然这样作念，莫得什么比与出色的东说念主共同实践任务更好的了，人人对相互荒芜真的，荒芜透明。 This approach led me to create a company with the unique idea meritocracy, operating in a unique way, that produced unique successes. In an idea meritocracy, you get the best of everybody. Everyone thinks independently, then we work through our disagreements to get at what's best. However, not every opinion is equally valuable. And we had to learn to distinguish between good ideas and bad ones to get the best decisions. In other words, we needed to believability-weight people's thinking. But that's another story I will explain in my work principles. Right now, there are many wonderful opportunities and dangerous risks surrounding you that you don't see. 这种方法使我创建了一家理念独到的创意择优公司，以独到的模式运作，赢得了独到的奏效。采用创意择优的模式，你不错蚁集每个东说念主的上风，每个东说念主皆寥寂想考，然后通过商议咱们的分歧来赢得最好的扫尾。关联词，并不是每一种意见皆不异有价值，咱们必须学会永诀好的创意和坏的创意，以得出最好的决定。换句话说，咱们需要揣摸东说念主们创意的着实度，但这又是另一个故事了，我会在我的职责原则中讲到。目前你的身边有好多你尚未察觉的契机和风险。 If you saw them free of the distortions produced by your ego or your blind spots, you would be able to deal with them more effectively. If you could acquire this ability, and with practice you can, you will radically improve your life. So far I described how I learned to confront my own realities, my problems, my mistakes, and weaknesses. And how I surrounded myself with others who could do things better than I could. This was the most effective way I discovered for making great decisions. This is not the normal way of being, but through this approach, I became very successful. And being successful enabled me to meet extraordinarily successful people and see how they think. 淌若你大要看清施行，不被你的自我或盲点所诬陷，你就将大要更灵验地草率施行。淌若你能赢得这样的才略，再通过力所能及的锻真金不怕火，你将从根蒂上改善你的生活。至此，我描述了我怎么学会面对我方的施行、我的问题、失实和时弊，以及我怎么稳定那些能在某些事情上比我作念得更好的东说念主，这是我发现作念出更好决定的最灵验方法，这并不是一种常见的作念法。但通过这种模式，我变得相配奏效，而奏效使我大要厚实愈加奏效的东说念主，了解他们的想法。 I've discovered that their journeys were similar to mine. You might not know it, but they all struggled, and they all have weaknesses that they all get around by working with people who see risks and opportunities that they would miss. Over time, I leaned that by nature, most people's greatest strengths are also connected to their most significant weaknesses. And striving hard for big things is bound to lead you to painful falls. It's just part of the process. Such setbacks will test you. They sort people. Some think hard about what caused their setbacks, learn lessons, and continue progressing toward their goals, while others decide that this game is not for them, and get off the field. 我发现他们的旅程与我相似，你可能不知说念，但他们皆履历过抵拒，他们也皆有时弊，而与那些大要看到我方无法发现的风险和契机的东说念主合营，就能治理这些问题。渐渐地我发现，大无边东说念主最大的上风自然地也关乎着他们最大的时弊，而为了高大的空想勤苦势必有可怜跌倒的时候，这是必经之路。这样的弯曲会磨练你，会考验出不同的东说念主群。有些东说念主崇拜想考是什么导致了他们的弯曲，吸取训戒，并赓续朝着他们的计算前进，而有些东说念主则会决定这条路不适合我方，悻悻离场。 I've come to realize that success is not a matter of attaining one's goals. I've found that when I reached each new higher level of success, I rarely remained satisfied. The things we are striving for are just the bait. Struggling to get them forces us to evolve, and it is this struggle toward personal evolution with others that is the reward. I no longer wanted to get across the jungle, but instead wanted to find greater and greater challenges to go after, surrounded by great people working together on a shared journey. 我照旧厚实到奏效并不是达到计算就不错了，我发现，每当我达到一个新的奏效的高度时，我很少会感到自在，咱们所勤苦争取的东西仅仅钓饵，勤苦得到它们会迫使咱们握住成长，而恰是这种勤苦，促使咱们握住地成长，才是咱们的所得到的报告。我照旧不再想要穿越森林，而是想要与身边优秀的东说念主一说念合营，共同去寻求更有难度、更大的挑战。 Eventually the success of the mission and the well-being of the people alongside me became more important than my own success. I also started to see beyond myself, and wanted others to be successful when I'm no longer here. I realized that if I fail to do that, I will be a failure. I struggle with this now. We all struggle with different things at different times, until we either choose to give up, or until we die and become part of the larger evolutionary story. This is how all machines work, and are recycled through time. When a machine breaks down, its parts go back into the system to become parts of new machines that also evolve through time. 最终，任务的奏效和与我并肩斗殴的东说念主的福祉，变得比我我方的奏效更贫瘠。我也开动更多地为他东说念主着想，但愿在我缺席的时候，其他东说念主也能赢得奏效。我执意到，淌若我无法竣事这少许，我将是一个失败者。如今我正在为这一计算昂扬着，咱们皆在不同的时候为不同的事情勤苦着，直到咱们聘用扬弃，或者直到咱们逝世，成为更大的演化故事的一部分。这等于总计系统的运作道理，并随时候握住轮回。当一个运转系统发生故障，它的部件会回到系统中，成为新系统的部件，而新系统也会跟着时候的推移而发展。 Sometimes this makes us sad, because we become very attached to our machines. But if you look at it from the higher level, it's really beautiful to observe how the machine of evolution works. Now you must decide for yourself how you will evolve. Forget about where these principles came from. Just assess whether or not they are useful to you, and evolve them to suit your own needs. As with all of life's decisions, what you do with them is ultimately up to you. My only hope for you is that you have the courage to struggle and evolve well to make your life as great as it can be. Thank you, and goodbye. (warm orchestral music) 随机这让咱们很痛心，因为咱们会变得相配依恋咱们的系统。但淌若你从更高的层面来看，不雅察演化的系统是怎么运作的，其实很奥秘。目前你必须我方决定你将怎么进化，健忘这些原则来自那儿，只需评估这些原则是否对你有用，并凭证你我方的需要对原则进行调理，正如总计生活中的决定一样，你怎么作念出决定最终取决于你我方。我对你惟一的盼愿是要有勇气，去昂扬，去好好成长，使你的东说念主生尽可能精彩。谢谢，邂逅咱们翻译的1000+份翻译作品以及500+TED演讲（视频+中英字幕）+10000单词背诵法+外刊精读法皆在这里了这6年来的书籍资源，我皆整理出来了长按扫码加入学习社区

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